HMUSEH LAIRAM Lai miphun hna chuahsemnak Ram Lai miphun tlonlennak Ram Cung Pathian thluachuahmi Ram Daihnak cerhti putnak Ram Aa dawhbik ko kan Lai Ram Hmunniam nel ah si loin
Ram kulh chungah tlangsangsang
Kan luang ttilai, Ruun tiva bang
Tlangsang tamnak Lai Ram
Lai Ram fingtlang
Hmunhram seh kan Lai Ram
Feb 20, 2008 SINUM DIRHMUN Khuari tur vanttek thlak Thlichia ruahsur thei loin Vantawng ruuninn sang cungah Vawlei ngeihchiah chambau loin Lungthli ka tumkhawh pin tiang Duhtlin nun ngei innchungkhar ah Kei Laipa sinum ka ttuan Zing hungchuak chungkhar kan tling
Ei le din tlamtin nak ca
Mirum chungkhar ah ka um
Vawlei thilri tlinnak ah ka um
Ka tonghthammi thil le ri
Midang ngeih le chiah cungah
A nuam bik ko;
Sinum nun cu a har ko
(Ramdang ah kan um nain kan umnak ram hi kan ram a si ti lai lo.) March 21, 2008 (Fri. 11:30 pm) NB: Mah ca hi Laimi egroups hna ah 27 JAN 2010 ah a thlahmi a si. 2008 lio ah a rak ttialmi a si cang rua. ------------------------------ "Serve with gladness" |
Biazai: "Lairam Hmunseh" le "Sinum Dirhmun" by Za Thawng Cin
Posted by Bihzun on Wednesday, January 27, 2010Levi Sap Nei Thang (Sapte) Rianttuannak tawi U le nau hna, Atang hi dawtnak rianttuannak in Laimi phun a kan cawisangtu Bawipa salnu Levi Sap Nei Thang (Sapte), Falam asi; Aa hrukmi hi 2008 kum i Hakha Sizung ah thilri a hlut lio ah Zion Baptist Church nih laksawng an pekmi asi. Nai Kawlram Independence Day, January 4 ah khan ralkap cozah, sahrang lungput a ngeimi hmanh nih an lung a suktuk hna caah asi lai, kawlram chungah a um bal lomi Cawimawinak Laksawng an pek. A laksawng min cu "Myanmah Luatlatzi Kungyee Maw-kuun-win" ti asi. Kawlram tuanbia ah hi Laiminu tluk in sifak santlai lo le michambau a bawmchan khomi a hohmanh an um rih lo ti asi. Bawipa ram a kauhter pinah Laimi a kan cawisan tuk hringhran. Bawipa nih Laimi a kan hmanning hi ruah tikah khuaruahhar taktak asi ko. Tleicia kan pa Steven pa nih "Laimi caah van le vawlei aa hnam cang" a rak timi bia ko ka lungah a chuak. Laimi kan caah asi kho lomi thil a um lo ti awk tluk asi cang. A rianttuannak konglam cu www.ilovemyanmar. org ah tlamtling tein zoh khawh asi. Hi kan farnu hi phaisa ngei pi zong asi hlei lo; Bawipa thilti khawhnak bochan in bawmh a herhmi hna bawmh awk ah aa thawh phot vemi tu asi. Nargis thlichia nih kawlram a den lio ah nausem kumkhat hmanh a tling rih lomi he bawmh a herhmi hna bawmh awk ah an kal. Khual lamhla a tlawn karlak ah a dawtbik mi a naute Emmanuel nih Rangoon Hngakchia Sizung ah ruahphak loin a thih taak. A naute cu a thih ahhin thla 11 lawng asi rih. A caah zeitluk in dah zuun tuar a har lai ti cu chim hau lo asi. Sihmanhsehlaw, Bawipa sal ttha asi bantuk in a tuarnak cu michambau mi hna caah thluachuahnak tu ah a canter. Cucaah, a naute min chuankhan in Emmanuel Foundation timi rianttuannak bu pakhat a dirh i rian a ttuan. Amah umnak taktak cu CaliforniaSingapore le Malaysia hrawng zongah a um pah tawn in an chim. ah asi nain a herhning in A naute a thih khawh cun a thihnak hmunhma a zoh tikah zeitluk in dah thil tlam a tlin lo kha a hmuh i, Rangoon Hngakchia Sizungpi cu tharchuah dingin cozah sinah nawl a hal hna. Nawl an pek caah Sizung building cu dollar 200,000 (sing-hnih) dih in a remh. An thilri hmanmi vialte zong a thar in a thlen piak dih hna. Aircon system tiangin a thlen dih. Thilri hmanning zong cawnpiaktu a hlan hna i a cawnter hna. Thawnghlat tu hna nih bia an halnak ah a chimmi cu, "Kawlram hngakchia hna hi keimah ka fanute Emmanuel bantuk hin ka dawt dih hna ee" ati. A rianttuannak hmunhma nganbik cu Nargis thlichia nih a dennak Irrawady nelrawn ah asi. Inn ngei lomi caah inn a thong reng lo a sak piak cang hna. Sianginn zong a sak piak hna . Krihfa Biakinn a rawkmi zong a remh piak hna. Cun, a thar a sak piakmi hna zong an um. A tang i sianginn hi tlakrawk in a sak piak cuahmah lio hna asi. Culawng asi rih lo, Laitlang lei zongah tampi a ttuan. Hakha sizung, Falam sizung le Tiddim sizungah mizaw zohnak seh le an herhmi thilri dangdang tampi a hlut. Cun, Kanpalet le Mindat area ah faak ngaiin a ttuan fawn. Tikhor a cawh piak hna, Hydro electric a bunh piak hna. Motor lam zong meng 200 hrawng a cawh piak hna. Cun, pumpak in kaa lawmhtuk mi pakhat cu, Falam le Kalaymyo karlak lamtluan kiangkap ah Cherry (phaizawng) kung 25,000 (sanghnih le thongnga) reng lo a phun ti asi. Khuaruahhar asi ko. Hi vialte a rianttuannak ahhin phaisa zeizat remruam dik a dih hnga. US dollar in million tamnawn asi lai ti cu a fiang. Zumhnak in a ttuan i, a hmuh chom in a hman. A ttuan deuhdeuh, a hmuh deuhdeuh ti asi. Bu min in a hohmanh bawmtu a ngei lo. Pumpak zumtu le dawtnak thinlung a ngeimi hna nih an hlutmi lawngte asi. Amah nih a chimmi pakhat cu, "michambau mi hna kan bawmh tik hna ahhin Bawipa aa lawmtuk ee" ati. Kan Laiminu pakhat cungah mahtluk in rianttuan khawhnak thluachuah a tlun cu nan lawmhpi cio ttheo lai tiah siaherhnak he ka hun ttialmi asi. Lunglawmnak tampi he, Thiangi pa MarylandSource: Lai Forum mail on 14 January 2010. ================= Life is like a book, everyday is new pages |
Hope that changes life You are here - there is a reason. You are here - you want something better. You are here - you have a chance. Take it - grasp it and hold on with all your might. There will be reasons why you can't - but for every one there is a reason why you will. Move forward. Be better today. More active, eat smarter, be proud of yourself. One hour at a time adds up to a day, days at a time will equal a week - the weeks will blend - good habits take hold - results will show - it is hard to see 12 weeks from now - but I am here to tell you it's worth it - so are many others. There are ups and downs, plateaus and set backs - these come with change. Life without making change for the better is a dead-life at all. In order for change to make it happen in life is, like President Obama said, we have to believe it possible and get it done. But watch out ! You gotta go step by step, right? Why post this here? Hope. We, Chins are good at talking ( mouth-services ) but very lazy to do practically that's what most matters to every single of us and is assumed a big threatening challenge as well. Imagine You are facing a tough challenge often times- but tough is very different than impossible. You will face difficulties, uncooperative family members, time issues, self doubt, years of bad habits - but look to those here who are winning the battle - they faced down those difficulties and often use them as motivation and turn them into their tool of success. Need help -ask for it. Want to succeed - find your motivation - write it down - think of it every time you are tempted. This is about a better lifestyle not a day matter.Struggle does work - but a better approach to soaring high combined with constantly strive can change your life. The resources are here, the support is here. It's only up to your decision- bad makes it bad, good makes it better. Lastly don't be afraid - anything you do is likely better than what you have been doing - be a little better every day - fear will defeat the process.Try to find motivation every day as much as possible. You can do this - and no one can do it for you. Grab the hope - hold on tight. Start your improvements and then reach out and help someone else. This is dedicated to those are of struggling for English proficiency and letting them of they are worth to be !! --- This small material is taken from YCCF Forum on 14 JAN 2010 sent by Sang Hre (tikirsanghre@gmail.com). ------------------------------ "Serve with gladness" |
| From: C R C ( Malaysia ) <crc_mlay@yahoo.co.uk> Subject: [Lai Forum] Kumhrabu Buukbau To: "lai forum" <laiforum@yahoogroups.com> Date: Sunday, January 3, 2010, 8:16 PM Kumhrabu Buukbau 2009 kum hlun adih i kumthar 2010 innka aa ong cang i cu chung ah kan hung luut cang hna. Kan vulei pi athlen ning zong hi kum 2000 hnu in arang deuh khun mi a lo ngai. Kum 2000 arak chuah lai hrawng Y2K bug timi a chuak lai, computer program vialte an rawk lai ti bantuk thil umtuning kha vun ruah than ah hin Y2K nih zeihmanh dawn khan lo in rili tilet bang kum le caan cu hmailei ah aluang thluahmah ko i kum 2000 in kumhrabu a vun tuk lawlaw cang i 2010 ah kan hung lut cang hna. 2000-2010 kumhrabu chung kan Miphun aa lehthalning tuak tik ah khuaruah har asi ko. Abikin ralzaam dirhmun in Chin miphun cu kan biakmi Pathian nih akan sersiam dan tete ruah ah lunglomhnak mitthli zong aluang. Kum 2000 i Guam tikulh in Chin miphun cheukhat hna Mainland US ah an hung lut khawh cio in akumvui 2001 ah Malaysia Chin miphun ummi tete zong UNHCR ah hung fuh cio avun si. India ummi kan unau hna zong kum 2000 hnu in ani sersiam nak tete ahung um deuh. Chinram ah Chin Krifa kumzakhat tlinnak cu 1999 ah kan tuah i akumvui bak in Pathian nih ramkip chuahnak kan kekaar akan hlan ter colh ti awk in kan miphun ramleng chuahnak cawlcangnak ahung kau deuh colh. 1999 in 2009 kumhrabu ( decade ) innka cu kan khar cang. Hi kumhrabu chung ah zeidah kan miphun nih kan kumhrabu buukbau ah kan khon mi an si, zeidah kan hlonh ding an si timi le zeitin dah kan hmailei kumhrabu hi kan karhlaan ning asi lai timi hi kan theih ahau mi asi. Kan vulei pi zong phundang in kum 2000 innka a hung i on cangka in buainak/harnak/ nih avun den ve mi chung ah; 2001 September 11 ah vuleicung innsangcem pi vanlawng nih avun pah ruangmang ko i chunmang bang kan vun zoh cio. Minung 3000 leng vutcam ah an ciam ko. Cucu maw ka duh lai tiah vulei pawpi ti in ruah mi US nih Afghanistan / Iraq den avun thok colh ve i Muslim Ralhrang pawl cu hrik le thah kawl bak in a vun kawl hna. 2004 Christmas thaizing ah Indonesia ram Aceh tikulh cu lihnin le buanchukcho nih zanlai ah avun chilh ruangmang i minung 300000 leng an ciam hoi. 2007 September thla ah vuleicung tuanbia ah phungki tamcem nih uktu cozah hmunkhat ah an doh tamcem asi lai dah ti in vuleipi nih kan Kawlram avun cuanh lio ah meithal kuan nih avun hmih phut hoi hna. 2008 May thla ah Minungsermi harnak tuar pin ah vulei uamraal asimi Cyclone Nargis nih Kawlram tlaangleikam cu hmunphiah hui in avun hui ruangmang i Kawlram minung harsat tuarnak cu minung tuahmi hremnak le khuachia sermi harnak nih meihol le cengceh kar taktak ah avun chiah chin chin ko. Minung 300000 leng kan ram ah an ciam hoi. Adang dang aum rih, 2008 ah Tibet phungki lengluang Tuluk cozah nih an thah mi hna, Sudan ram mipi hremnak, Belarus ram mip tuarnak, Nebuchadnezzar tefa ka si i Babylon pennak ka ser than lai atimi Saddam Hussein cu 2003 ah ekluan nak khurchung in US ralkap nih zu tila bang an vun cawi luaimai ning, Mirang nih saal ah kum zabu tampi chung an rak hman mi hna Africa tefa chung in sal atlaitu hna ram ah November 2008 ah President ahung tling mi Mr. Barrack Hussein Obama kong le The Black President in The White House- Mirang Innchung ah Minak pa an tining. Kum 2000 hnu in kan vulei pi hi kan lumter ( Global Warming ) deuh lai an ti i Arctic hrawhra tlang pi pi an va cheu hna ruang ah kan rili tilet pi a hninh deuh khun ning, thlichia phunphun, Hurricane Katrina/ Mitch/ Nargis le 2007 in vulei pumpaluk ah sipuazi ( economic ) atlaak ning afak khun ning le kan eimi sa in zawtnak hrik achuak mi, sars, bird flu, swine flu, etc..... Sicun kan nih Chinland ram teh zeidah athleng, ram zu ( rodents ) nih kan pawcawmnak lo aei rih i kan miphun harnak-mautaam tiang achuahter khawh rih. Kumkul leng chung CNF nih dohthlen nak adirpi cang. Kawl ralkap uktu pawl cu anmah ning te an si i Naypyidaw an va tuah thulh pah in Chin State uktu ah Chin miphun chung in Brigadier General pakhat an kaiter i an kan uk ter. SPDC cu zorlei panh loin feh lei apanh mi an lo, zeicatiah 2008 ah Referendum an tuah, 94% in an tling. Tukum ah Eletion an tuah rih lai. 2003 May lio ah Suu Kyi thah an timh pin ah 2004 October ah General Khin Nyunt le aminung 5000 ek viar in an hui dih hoi ko hna. Britain Siangpahrang ah saubik ah atel ve mi atu zong atuanmi Queen Elizabeth II nih kan hnu thla ah Christmas Message achimmi ahcun " Church is the Source of Unity " - " Krifa mi hna kan ca ahcun kan Biakinn hi minung pakhat le pakhat i pumkomhnak hrampi asi " ati. Cu nih cun ka thinlung a ka khen ngai ngai. Kan nih Chin miphun hi Krifa kan sinak kum 110 asi cang i kan miphun Unity- pumkomhnak hi duhsah tetein azor lei apanh. Cucu buu ( denomination ) phun phun kan karh ruang zong ah hin asi i Krifa hruaitu lawng siloin hruaimi mipi hrim hi kan dirhmun a rawh caah asi. Uktu tha lo kan ngeih caah pawcawmnak har in kan vai, kan umnak ram (country ) hi Krifa ram asi lo, holh phunkhat ahmang kho lo mi kan si pin ah ram uk phung ( constitution ) angei lo mi ram ah kumkul leng kan vaivuanh mi nih hin kan lungput ( morality ) fak pi in a kan den nak alanghnak asi. Kan hmailei kumhrabu chung ah karhlaan nak ding ah zeitin kan um ah dah atha hnga tiah pumpak ruahnak nan ngei cio mi lak ah kei zong ka ruah mi cu; 1. Ramleng um he ramchung ummi he Chin miphun zatlaang nun karhter dih ding - Worldwide Chin Cultural Establishment 2. Chin miphun kan phunglam langhter tu movie/video i thlaak ve in karh ter ding - To spread Chin traditional movie especially among young generation. 3. Biaknak a lawh lo zong ah biakinn pakhat i hrawm ding- church sharing Mah 3 nak hi aherh tuk in ka ruah. Zeicatiah Biakinn cu kan chiat/that nak kan i hrawm nak hmun asi caah ' nang cu buu / kha buu na si caah kan Biakinn na hmang kho lo ti phun hi miphun pumkomhnak ( national unity ) hrawktu asi ti in ka ruah. Biaknak i lawh lo cu aphung asi ko, asinain Biakinn i hrawm khawh lo cu miphun pumkomhnak kan hlawt bantuk asi. Chim duh mi cu, kan nih Chin miphun cu acawlcang ka te kan si i a fek rih lo mi kan si caah " i hrawm nun - sharing " a herh tuk rih mi kan si. Gypsy bantuk in khua/ramvai kan si lo ahcun Israel miphun hna bantuk in kan ngeih mi ram ah kan nunnak hrampi hi kan bunh ding asi. Chin miphun caah cun Chinram dah ti lo cu vuleicung zeiram citizen kan va si hmanh ah " khual " kan si ko. Cafang palhmi le dang dang palhnak um ahcun catialtu tlamtlin lo nak si ko seh. 2010 Kumthar lomhnak nan cung ah tlung ko seh! Victor Khen Sang Canada ------------------------------ "Serve with gladness" |
THE CHRIST-LIFE MUST BE LIVED Jesus Christ lived and symbolised divine consciousness. He was the very personification of divinity. He was born at a time when ignorance, superstition, greed, hatred and hypocrisy prevailed upon In the midst of these conditions, Christ was born and he worked a transformation in the lives of the people, though not quite successfully in his life time but through the following centuries by the means of his teachings. He gave a new spiritual turn to the lives of his fellow-men. Thus a new era dawned upon this world, and the teaching of Jesus spread far and wide. Before discrimination and spiritual awakening dawn within the seeker, he has bigoted outlook, selfish tendencies and no thought for God or the higher divine life. He is then immersed in the pursuit of material interests. He is a slave of his senses. He has no spiritual ideal in life. He is desire-ridden. Arrogance, avarice and sensuality characterise his personality. He lives a life of lust, anger, greed, deluded attachment, pride, egoism and jealousy. If this state of things must cease and the seeker must enter into a new life of spiritual aspiration, purity and devotion, then the Christ spirit must take its birth within one's heart. That will be the real adoration of Jesus Christ. That will be the true following of Christianity. When the divine element that is dormant within us begins to express itself, then indeed we open ourselves to the grace of the Christ. From then onward light begins to shine where darkness was before. Ignorance gives place to the beginning of wisdom. Impurity is replaced by purity. Hatred ceases and love begins to blossom forth. In his innermost core, man is essentially divine. But through the medium of the human personality two forces keep acting. They are the forces of good and evil, light and darkness. The divine and the undivine both operate in the human consciousness. To completely overcome and eradicate the undivine elements and to fully manifest the supreme divine Consciousness in all its radiant light and glory is to be achieved through the living of the Christ-life in the utmost faithful detail. That is spiritual life. That is Yoga. That is Sadhana. That is the path of Self-realisation. If the Christ-life is to be lived, first of all the child Christ has to be born in our heart. Only then does the real spiritual life commence for the aspirant. The first manifestation of the divine urge to progress in the path of goodness and virtue and to cherish noble ideals and eradicate vicious, negative tendencies signifies the birth of the infant Jesus in our consciousness. From hence starts the living of the Christ-life in all its details of sublime purity, faith in divinity, mercy, compassion, love, selflessness, desirelessness, egolessness, forgiveness, prayerfulness and so on. Hence starts the life of earnest Yoga, of self-restraint and simplicity, of unbroken serenity and peace, tolerance, balance of mind in pleasure and pain, unflinching courage and determination, and perfect dedication to the worship of God through the service of humanity. This is the spiritual implication of all the celebrations connected with Jesus Christ. This is also the message of the Easter. With the advent of this Christ-spirit within the heart of a truly earnest seeker, all mundane desires come to an end. There is a cessation of all vicious tendencies in him. He begins to influence others around him. The spirit of Jesus Christ emanates from him. Many are made aware of that spirit and a great deal of good is brought into their lives. Thus, if every individual begins to live a new life of divine aspiration, fellow-feeling and social service, spirituality will gradually overcome materialism. There will be more of goodwill, more of harmony and more of peace in this world. The tendency to help each other, to understand each other and to decrease avariciousness, selfishness and egoism will grow gradually in every sphere, which would mean greater happiness in every hearth and home. Spiritual life is neither exclusively meant for the poor and the lowly, nor is it beyond the reach of the wealthy. To pursue the spiritual path one need not seek the undisturbed assurity of food and shelter. But there is a significant point in the birth of Jesus. He was born in a simple, lowly place, a corner of a stable. Also he was born in darkness, in the obscure hour of midnight, when no one even knew about it, except a few blessed souls. The significance here is that spiritual awakening comes to the seeker who is humble and meek and simple. The light of divine consciousness dawns only when the delusive glitters of material glamour and the corruptive influence of wealth are absent. The quality of true humility is one of the indispensable fundamentals. Only when there are simplicity, holiness and renunciation of all earthly desires and the pride of learning, goodness and merit, the divine light manifests within. Even as Christ was born unknown to the world and in the obscurity of darkness, so also the advent of the Christ spirit takes place in the inwardness of the soul when there is total self-effacement and self-abnegation. Where the urge of aggrandizement and vanity abides, there divinity cannot unfold itself, for these expressions of egotism are permanent hindrances to any kind of spiritual growth. You can be sure, a man of vanity is far from God. A man of selfishness knows nothing of God. A man of intolerance has thoroughly misunderstood God. 'Empty thyself and I shall fill thee', is the advice of Jesus. The kingdom of heaven is surely for the humble in spirit. It was this secret that centuries ago Jesus explained to Nicodemus. The good man did not quite understand what precisely Jesus meant. 'How can it be? How can I be born again if I am to attain the May the true implication of the Christ-life dawn within every heart. Realise fully that so long as thirst of power and arrogance of wealth infect the nature of man, until then the spirit of Christ is out of reach. As with the individual, even so with the community and the nation. It is only when real spiritual transformation occurs in the hearts of the individuals that its effects can be felt in the nations of the world. Let every soul understand the duty of the human life. Let everyone cultivate a sense of brotherhood, tolerance, charity, humility, mutual understanding, love and compassion. Let everyone aspire for greater knowledge, greater enlightenment and greater goodwill. Let the sense of evolution and perfection be eternally progressive. Note: This message is one from "Christmas Messages of Sri Swami Sivananda," delivered in 1954. ------------------------------ "Serve with gladness" |
Bible Hmuhsakmi le Cawnpiakmi Christmas Sullam
Bible Relnak: Mthew. 1:18-2:12, Lk.1: 26-38; 2:1-20,Isai. 4 :14,9:6
By Robert Thawngzam Germany 20 Dec 2009
Biahmaitthi: Pathian nih a kan pekmi Caan, Caanthennak tampi lak ah mi lungthin a hlaucemtu le Ka nu, ka pa, ka U , ka Nau , ka Chungkhar, ka Khua, ka Ram, ka Miphun tiah ruahawk le taukawk hmanh a thei bal ti lomi nih, hnulei a vun cuanthan i (Homesick) Inn ngaih zawntnak a ngeih lio Caan, pumpak nunnak ah dawtnak a tharthan lio Caan cu hi khuasik thla X´mas Caan hi a si ko rua tiah ka ruah. Cucaah hi X´mas a sullam theihfian hi kan herhngaimi a si. Vawilei fianning le Bible hmuhsakmi/cawnpiakm i tiah kan zoh hna lai.
I. Krih A Chuah Liocaan Isreal Ram Nainganzi (Uknak) AChine
Hi Krih a chuah lio Caan hi Isreal mi pawl cu Rom Cozah kuttang ah Sal an tan lio caan a si. Rom Cozah nih Palestin Ram kulh vialte hi a lak dih i a ram chung then kaudeuh cu Herod the Great (37-4BC)Siangpahran g pa Uknak kut tangah a chiah. Herod nih hin Isreal mi hi a rak hremtuk hna leng ah Jerusalem Temple pi cu amah Sunparnak caah a hman i, Herod Temple ti tiang-in an rak kawh. Cu caah Iseal mi cu-cu Rom cozah kutchung in luatnakding caah Naingaizi (politic) an tuah ,i a ho nih dah cu Uknak chung cun a kan chanchuah lai tiah Hruaitu ttha an zoh lio caan a si. Bible Cahlun (O.T) Isaiah 7:14; 9:6; Micah.5:2 le a dangdang chung i kan caah Messiah-Khamtu Bawi pek kan si lai timi hi , vawlei Uktu a si lai i, Rom kut in Independent a kan pek lai tiah an i ruah chan lio caan a si. Hi hi nihin i kan KawlRam sining he hin a khat ngai te. Asinain Boipa tinhpiakmi hna cu Vawlei Hruaitu le luat tertu siloin Thlarau lei tu khi a rak si deuh. Cucaah Jesus (X´mas) cu an ca ah tluknak pakhat a si ai. Nihin ah kan nih zong Boipa Bia hi kan i fiandan kan i palh sual ah cun Isreal mi bantuk in Jeusus hi kan caah vuivainak le lungdonghnak a si lai i, kan X´mas hmanmi hi kan caan dihnak men le kan phaisa dihnak men a si lai. A sullam fian kan hau......... ..
II. X´mas Ti Sullam cu Zeidah A Si? (What is X´mas?)
X´mas sullam cu phun hnih in vun zoh ta ah a tthacem a si rua tiah ka ruah. Cucu a tanglei bantuk hin an si.
A. Vawlei lei Hmuhning le Fianning
A. D.300 kum tiang cu X´mas tuah le Krih chuah ni lawmh timi hi Krifa Buu chungah a rak um lo. Aruang cu Krifa hmasa pawl, Krihfa Buu i Pa (church father) le pawl nih hin kan Khamtu chuahnak lawmh cu sual pakhat a si tiah an rak zumh caah a si. Zeitik ni, thla, caan setsai ah dah X´mas krifabu chungah aa thawk ti chim hi cu a harngaimi a si. Asinain AD.1500 kum ah hin kumkhat chung i ni 135 chungah a dangdang ni cio ah Krifa buu tampi nih X´mas hi an rak tuah cio. Acheu nih December.25, January.6th, March.28, April.19,20, November.17 hna ah khin an rak tuah cio. A.D 361 kum ah hin Pope Julius nih December thla 25th ni hi X´mas ni siseh tiah bia a rak khiah. Cun A.D. 500 hin Krifa buu tamtu nih Dec.25 th ni cu X´mas ni sunglawi ah lungtho tein an rak hman cio.
Asinain Krihfaa Buu tampi nih hi Dec.25 ni cu an rak cohlang lo. Orthodox Church pawl le American church tampi nih cun January.6th le 8th ah X´mas cu an rak tuah. Cun Abyssinia i church pakhat nih cun kumkhat chungah vui 11 Zisuh chuahnak an rak lawmh ve. Cun amah Zisuh chuahnak Bethlahem khua ah hin a dang ni cio ah Biaknak phunthum hna nih Biakinn pakhat cung ah hi puai hi an rak tuah cio ve. ´´X´mas´´ ti in zapi nih theihmi Biafang a rak um hlan hrim hin Vawlei ram tampi le Krihfa Buu tampi ah Zisuh chuahnak ni hi Dec.25 ah an rak lawmh cio hna.
Rom pawl nih hi khuasik thla chung i sunglawi ngai in an tuahtawnmi puai min cu ``Saturalia` ` an ti i ``Saturn`` Pathian upatnak ca i an tuahmi a si. Cu puai ahcun miluat le sal, Bawi le Sal ti theidannak um lo in pakhat le pakhat laksawng i thlennak(giftchange ) hna an rak ngei. Cu tin Krifa biaknak cu Rom Cozah pi i biaknak ah a rak ca´n dih bak-in ``Saturalia`` timi puai min cu `` The Mass of Christ`` or ``Christ Mass`` ah an thlen. Europe ram nichuak lei a ummi German miphun pawl nih Dec.25 ah hin puai sunglawi an rak ngeih theu ve. Cun Nichuah Europe ram i a sunglawi bikmi puai an rak ngeimi cu The Anglo-Saxon nih Zool or Yule an timi hi a si. Cu ´´Yule´´ min cu a hnu ah ´´Christmas´´ ah an thlen ve. Hebrew pawl nih hin Dec. 25 ah hin ´´Hanukkah´´ timi Puai hi an rak ngeih ve. X´mas hi Biafang pahnih fonhmi a si `Christ le Mass`. Christ cu Greek holh Christos in a ra i asullam cu `chiti thuhmi , thimmi´ tinak a si. Mass cu Hebrew holh ´Mass´ in a ra i a sullam cu ´Hmaizahmi , Upatmi´ ti nak a si. Mass hi mitampi/buupi ti zong khin sullam ngeihter, leh khawh a si i, hi biafang ruang ah Mi tampi an lungbuai caah, a hnu ah Romancatholic (R.C) pawl nih ´Mas` ´´s´´pakhat ah an thlen. Cu caah X´mas ti sullam an langhter duhmi cu ´´Zisu Krih philhlonak Puai´´ tinak khi a si. Nihin ah cun ´Zisuh Krih Chuah Ni Lawmhnak Puai´´ ti zong ah an kawh. Cuticun Krihfa hmasa pawl nih X´mas cu sunglawi ngai le upatnak tling he England ram ah Chistos Mass min in an hman, cun Spain ah Nalividad min in, Italy ah Natale min in, French ah Noel min in, Germany ah Weihnacht min in X´mas Zan cu a thiang, a dai Zan tiah an rak pom, auh, hmang cio hna. Nihin ah cun X´mas cu Pathian lei le Vawlei lei cawhchih in an hman dih cang. Vawlei thil le Thlarau lei thil thleidannak um loin Secular style deuh in hman a si cang. Cucaah X´mas cu Krih philh lonak ca le Krih chuah lawmhnak caah tuah siti loin Chungkhar, unau, cinglarualchan i tonnak le hoikom i tonnak tu ah hman a si cang.
Cu caah December 25th ni bak hi Krih a chuah Ni bak a si ti na ruah sual i na fiansul ahcun na palh lai. Krih a chuah ni bak si lo-in Krih a chuah kan lawmhnak Ni le Krih philh lonak ca i kan ulhmi Ni tu khi a si deuh. Cucaah X´mas hi na tuah zong ah a ttha i na tuah lo zong ah na sual hlei lo. Belte cu na tuahning , na hmanning le a sullam na fiannig naa palh sual belte ahcun , na Taksa caah damlonak , na Thinlung zawtnak le na Thlarau thihnak tiang an phan pi kho. Nangmah duhning siloin a chuaktu, hrin a simi pa (Jesus Krih) a duhning tu in hman le lawmpiak i zuam tu hi a biapi deuhmi cu a si.
B. Bible Hmuhsakning le Cawnpiakning
X´mas timi Biafang(Word) hi Bible chungah kan hmu lo. Krih a chuah Ni zong, hi Ni bak hi a si tiah kan thei lo. Cu ruangah Vawlei cung Krifa buu cheukhat cu hi X´mas hi an hmang lo. X´mas tuah le hman cu sual phunkhat le Boipa bia duh paoh in me´er ah an rel. Cu pawl zong cu an palh hlei lo i an hman hlei ve lo.
Asiah Bible ah a um lomi cu zeiruang ahdah kan tuah kun? X´mas ti Biafang(word) cu kan hmu lo na in X´mas hi tuah phu le Krih chuahnak hi lawmhphu a sinak tu cu a huap kaupi in a kan hmuhsak. Aruang cu Jesus cu Vawlei ah Mary nih a hrin hrimhrim ko timi cu al-awk tha loin Bible nih a kan cawnpiak. Tnk....Trinity a zummi pawl caah Trinity timi Biafang hi Bible ah kan hmuh ve lo, nain Pathian cu Trinity bak a si ko timi tu hi al-awk ttha loin a huap kaupi in a kan hmuhsak ve . Bible nih Jesus kha vawlei ah a chuak rua rak ti seh law cu..tuah le lawm phu a si lai lo. Jesus chuah caan le chuahnak a lawm hmai satu pawl zong hi Rom Krihfa buu pawl rak si hna sehlaw cu lawmh phu le tuah phu a si hnga lo. Jesus chuahnak a lawm hmaisa biktu hna cu a pakhatnak ah Vanmi thiang pawl, cun Tuucawng pawl , le Mifim (Mifim pathum timi Bible ah a um lo, ´´pawl´´ timi plural word lawng a um) pawl an si.Cu nih cun lawmh phu a sinak a kan hmuhsak. Cucaah a caan le a ni ah buai lo in a sullam tu ah hin buai deuh hna u sih.
1. X´mas cu ´´Pek´´ asiloah ´´Tthenh´´ tinak a si.(It is giving or sharing) Jhn. 3:16
i. Adam le Evi cu Boipa nih amah muikeng tein a ser hna. Zungzal a nungmi Pathian a si bantuk in zungzal nung hna seh ti hi a duhpiak hna. Cucaah thihnak le nunnak ti-in phunhnih a um ti an theih/hngalh khawhnak ding caah thleidanthiamnak Thingkung cu Eden dum laifang bak ah a chiahpiak hna. Thingkung Dum a laifang i achiahnak chan cu a ding, a fel, zumhawktlak, le dawtnak in a khatmi pathian a sinak langhter a duh caah a si. Minung nih zeihmanh ralrinnak caah information na kan pe lo tiah Pathian kha bia-alnak an tuah khawh lonak ding caah a si. Adam nih Boipa nawl ngailo in ei-loding thei a ei caah Pathian fa sinak in Satan fa (Sual Fa) ah aa cang. John. 8:44. Khamhmi fa sinak in khamh herhmi fa ah aa cang. Cu Ni thawk cun Adam sual ruangah Vawlei mi vialte cu sual kan si dih( Rom.5:12-21; 1 kor.15:21-22; Gen.3:1-7) i khamhnak pek a herhmi le, tthenh a herhmi kan si dih. Boipa nih Adam le Evi taklong an si i an ning a zah kha a hmuh tik ah Sa a thah i Sa phaw a aih, a khuh than hna-Gen.3:21. Cucu Adam le Evi caah ´´X´mas´´ (´´pek´´ or ´tthenh´' ) ti cu a si ko. Krih nih Vawlei mi kan caah a tuah te dingmi hmuhsaknak cu a si ko.
ii. Cu ticun Minung nih khamhnak an hmuh thannak ding caah le a nungmi Pathian a si langhternak ca´h Isreal mi pawl cu Boipa nih aa thimtthan hna. Cu aa thimmi mi hna nih khamhnak an hmuhnakding caah Moses hmang in Nawlbia (khamhnak an hmuhnak ding caah) a rak pek hna-Exodus.20: 1-20. Cucu Bible Cahlun (Old Testament) ´´X´mas´´ ti zong ah kawhkhawh a si.
iii. Sihmanhsehlaw, cu Nawlbia cu Minung nih kan zulhkhawh lo ca´h , a fapa ngeihchun te cu kan nih khamhnak caah a kan pek than.( Joh.3:16, Isaiah.7:14, 9:6). Cucu nihin i kan au pi lengmangmi X´mas (New Testament X´mas or Contemporary X´mas) cu a si. X´mas sullam cu ´´pek , tthenh´´ tinak a si. Phundang in kan chim ahcun X´mas sullam cu ´´mission´´(English-sending= Lai-thlah) ti zong ah auhkhawh a si fon.
Ø Asi ah zeidah kan pek ve lai?
a. Biaknak le Thangthatnak pek ding (Mt.2:11a)
Vanmi tthiang hna le Tuucaawng pawl le Mifim pawl i a hmasacem Krih an pekmi cu thangthatnak le Biaknak a si . Vanmi pawl le tuucawng pawl nih cun hla le aunak in , cun Mifim pawl nih cun khuk bil in thangthatnak an pek. Krih biaknak ah na khuk naa bil kho rih lo ahcun atu kum X´mas cun khukbil in biak khawh i zuam ve cang. Toidornak lungthin bia, tthangtthat tinak zong a si fon.
b. Lungthin Innka Hunpiakding le Pekding (Mt.2:11b)
Mifim pawl cu Jesus an hmuh le cangkaa in an biak. Cun an i kenmi an thil mansungbik chiahnak Bukbau (Greek-thesauroi( s) a hman i hihi Mt.13:52 ah khin cun thil chiahnak Inn ´´store house´´ tiah a leh) kha an hun a ti. Cu nih a langhtermi cu(storehouse) kan thinlung Innka hunpiak/pek khi a chim duhmi a si. Lungthin hi zeizong vial te nak-in nawl a ngeibik, thil a ti khobik, sullam angei biktu a si. Bible nih na lung thin dihlak timi hi vuizakhat reng lo a chim. Cu lungthin Innka cu awnhpiak law pe ve cang.
c. LaakSawng Phunthum(taksa, thinlung, thlarau) Pekding.(Mt. 2:11c).
Mifim pawl cu an biaknak, thangthatnak le an thil mansung chiahnak bukbau an hundih hnu le pekdih hnu ah an laakawng phunthum...Sui lungvar, Zihmui mansung, le Muran hna cu an chuah i Jesus cu an pek. Cu laaksawng phunthum nih a langhtermi cu ´´Taksa, Thinlung, Thlarau´´ TTT pathum hi an si. Na Taksa in upat law, Na Thinlung in ruat law,Na Thlarau in thangthat ve cang ( Jh.4:24)
2. X´mas cu Krih he i Ton Tinak a si.( Mt.2:10-12; Luke.2:16-18)
Krih he i ton hi zumtu kan caah a herhbikmi a si. X´mas hman ve lengmang ttung i Krih he i ton bal ve lo cu Malaysia ah Phaisa tampi dih in kal ve tung in a zin hmanh hmuh hlan i Palek pawl nih tleih he aa lo. Phaisa tampi dih le caan tampi pek in X´mas hman ve tung i Krih he i ton lo cu ngeihchia a va si hringhran dah.
Hika zon ah hin Krih he kan i tonning tu hi aa lo cio lo. Mifim pawl cu Krih he an i tonnak ding ah Boipa ´´Arfi Ceu´´ nih lam a hruai hna , Khrih he an i tawn hlan lo Inn ah an tin lo, asinain Tuucawng pawl cu Arfi nih siloin Vanmi nih ´´Bia´´ in Krih he an i tonnak ding caah lam an chimh hna. Vanmi pawl chimhning in Krih he an i ton hlan lo an kal ve.
Unau, nihin ah nang le kei zong Krih he kan i tonnak ding ahcun Boipa Bia ning in kan kal a hau ve i, Krih he kan i ton hlan lo Boipa Ceunak-Thiang Thlarau hruainak Lam cu zul ko hna u si.( Rom.8:14) Herod tu cu Keizong Krih cu ka biak ve lai tiah a ka in a chim ko nain a lungthin cu Krih he aa hlat(Mt. 15:8). A chimbantuk in kal in Krih cu a va tong lo, a va bia lo. Cu nakcun Krih chuah Ni ah Mi a tthah i tthatlonak phun tling a tuah. Unau, Nangtah Krih chuah Caan ah , X´mas ah Krih he i ton loin tthiltthalo a tuahmi le Boipa lung a fak termi na si sual maw? Zuu dinnak le vawlei pum saduhnak in Krih a chuah Ni a lawmmi na si sual ve maw?
Ø Asiah zeitin dah Krih he kan i ton khawh lai?
a) Na duh bikmi, le na tleihchan bikmi Thil na kal tak a hau (Lk.2:15-16)
Mifim pawl le Tuu cawng pawl cu Krih ka caah a chuak cang ti an theihbak in an duhbikmi le nitin an paw cawmnak a simi thil, rian vial te an kal tak. An Rian, an Sipuazi le thildang nakin Jesus hmuh le ton an duh deuh .. Amen ( Mt.10:37). Zeidah na tleihcanbikmi Krih tonnak ah an dawntu a si?
b) Vawlei Pumsaduhnak He i Then a Hau. ( Mt.2:9-10)
Mifim pawl cu Herod (Herod nih vawlei tthil le Satan le thilri a langhter) sin ah khan nuam ngai in an um peng lo. Herod he i thennak lam kha an kawl. Herod he an i then bak in Arfi ceu cu an caah a lang than i Krih an ton tiang lam a hruai hna.
Herod nih Vawlei pumsaduhnak a langhter. Mifim pawl nih nang le kei an langhter ve. Vawlei pumsaduhnak he i then ve law (1John. 2:15,1 Kor.5:9-11 etc.) cun Boipa ceunak na cungah a lang lai i , Krih he nan i tong kho ve lai.
c) Boipa Bia hi theih lawng siloin zumh in a tak in tuah a hau. (James. 1:22)
Mifim pawl le Tuu cawng pawl cu Jesus ka caah a chuak timi thawngttha an theihmi kha , theih sawhsawh lawng si loin an zumh i a tak in an tuah. Herod cu a theihmi thawngtha kha a zumh ko nain a tuah lo, a thin tu a phang. Jesus a chuak ti a ttheihmi Bia kha tak in a tuah lo. Jesus a chuah ti theih ko nain zumh taktak lo le zumhnak kha a tuah in tuah taktak lo ahcun san a tlai lo. James.2:19- Khuachia le Satan zong nih Pathian cu an zumh ko, an zumhnak kha a tak in an tuah, a langhter chuah lo caah an zumnak cu san a tlai lo.
Nihin ah mi tampi cu X´mas a naih paoh ah kan thin a phang ve. Tthiltha cawknak, Zuu dinnak le Mehthawcawknak kan ngei sual lai lo kan ti ve. Unau nangtah zei dirhmun? Kaa lawng in siloin zumh in a tak in Krih cu pah ve cang u sih.
Biatlangkomhnak
Cucaah X´mas hi na lawmhning , na hmanning le a sullam nai fianning na palh sual ahcun na tak sa, na thinlung, le na thlarau caah zeihmanh thathnemnak a ngei lai lo.
Krih he aa tong cangmi Mifim pawl le Tuucawng pawl cu X´mas nih a chuahpimi hnangamnak le lawmhnak in an khat cang. Krih an tondih in Boipa bia a rami cu nan ratnak lam khan kirthan ti hla u. Lam dang in kir cang u a ti. Cu nih a langhtermi cu ´´Krih he aa tong cangmi le X´mas sullam ngei tein a hmang cangmi hna ca ahcun Nunning Hlun kha a lo i Nunning Thar in a thawk cang tinak a si.( 2kor. 5:17) Krih he a tongcangmi cu a nunning hlun kha a lo i nunning thar in aa thawk/nung cang´´.
Kan nih zong atu kum X´mas cun Nunning hlun kha kal tak cang hna u sih law, Nunning thar in nun i zuam cang hna u sih.
X´mas daihnak nan cung ah um ko seh....!
Sources: 1. Encyclopedia Britannica (1961-ed), Vol.5, p. 642. 2. The New Schaff- Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge, Vol.3, p. 47-ff 3. Adlai Albert Esteb, Ph. D , ´´ What Christmas Means´´ USA: Review and Herald Publishing Association, 1971, p. 9. ´´ giving and good will virtually spell Christmas´´ says, A. A. Esteb. 4. Jens Herzer, ´´ Die Ursprünge der Kirchlichen Feste: Ostern, Himmelfahrt, Pfingsten, Weihnachten und Ihre Biblischen Grundlangen ´´Germany: Deutsche Bibelgesellshaft Stuttgart, 2006. 5. Hans Förster, ´´ Weihnachten: ein Spurensuche´´, Germany: 2003. 6. Harmut Badenhap ´´Wieso Weihnachten?´´, Germany: 19889. 7. Eugene L. Brand, ´´ The Encyclopedia of The Lutheran Church´´ , 1965. 8. Monika K. Hellwig, ´´ The Modern Catholic Encyclopedia´´, June, 10, 1994. 9. Frank C. Senn, ´´ The Encyclopedia of Christianity´´, Germany: 1997. 10. S.K. Roll, ´´ Christmas and Its Cycle: New Catholic Encyclopedia´´ USA, 2003. 11. The Seventh Day Adventist Encyclopedia; Commentary, 1996. 12. O. Cullmann, ´´ The Origin of Christmas: The Early Church´´ Philadelphia, 1956. 13. A.T. Kraabel, ´´ The Roots of Christmas ´´ Dialog.21, 1982. ================= Life is like a book, everyday is new pages |
By Pu Lian A ruat huam mi caah: Zophai khuatlang khua pawl hi hi Leitak in tlakmi le cu Leitak in tlakmi khua in va tlak chin mi khua ngot an si hna. Leitak in Leisen in Albik le Hlei Lian nih Khawcariat in Vuangtu in Hriphi ah tlar khat. Vuangtu in Ngalang, Ainak, Siata, Zephai, Tluang ram ah khuatlak an peh chap rih. Leitak in Khuabung in Hlamphei le Longtlang ah tlar khat . Cu hnu ah Leitak in Aibur, Leitak in Zabung ti in Leitak in khua an tlak. Hleilian Hriphi a phanh hlan in maw, a phanh hnu in dik Leitak in Hriphi ah a kal mi zong hi zazat an rak si. A bik in Hriphi khua hlun Matu sang le Tlaidep sang timi hna cu Leitak aw holh a hmang mi an tam khun dah-ra ti awk khin kan mah hna, Tawkcungpa mithi te, Saya Hmechum te, Hripikhuahlun Tlangbo sang Pu Dar Ling te ti bantuk a tthang tti mi kan hmet lio 1949 hrawng le a hnupi tiang hi arak si. Cu chung ah holh kan ti mi hi Haka Khuahlun le Khuathar le Station hmanh ah khin aw phaw an I dang dih manh cang si kaw, cu bantuk in khuadangdang cio an va tlak chin tik ah Leitak khua an um lio cio an rak chimmi aw phaw hna cu tlawmtete an va ithleng kho ngai ko hna. A sina in aa thlengmi a aw hi i-theih khawh lo lak in aa thleng mi an si rih lo, i-theih cawlh mi zat tiang long in aa thleng mi asi. Cu caah zei khua aw chuah spelling ning hmanh in Cuchung ah Aibur, Leitak, Hmawngtlang, Phaikhua, Congthia, Zabung, Hriphi khua hna ah Zophei khua tlang aw cawi in achim mi hna nih Leitak khuazung aw cawi in an aw cawi a um kho bik rih. Cu hnu ah Haka aw cawi in "Ka ta – keimah ta" timi cu " ka tie – ka ma ka tie" ti in ttial khawh asi. Haka aw cawi in "Ka tuah lai" timi ah "Ka tuah ah" ti in ttial khawh a si ko lai. Hizong hi Leitak Khuabung-Vuangtu aw aa khat dih ko. Cu lo dang ah Haka aw cawi I an ngeih lo mi, Zophai aw cawi I Leitak khuazung aw nih Zawiphai ti mi "Phai" aw hi Haka aw he aa khat. Khuabung- Vuangtu aw ah a um lo mi aw in acheu nih hmuh nak a ngei mi an um kho na in "phai" ti mi hi Khuabung-Vuangtu aw zong ah chuah ter khawh mi phonetics aw asi ko. Cun a um rih mi ah, Leitak khuazung holh aw ah "Zawi, Zoi " timi hi Haka aw cafang komh aw ningte in ttialkhaw a si na in, Vuangtu Khuabung aw ah apen perik a flat nawn te in dannak te a um ning ah "Ka nawi tie", "ka nwe tie" ti bantuk in an um. " _we" ti phonetics aw chuah tam ngai hi Kawl holh zong ah an hman mi ah "Zwe" ticu asi I, "Zy" ti hman nak in "Zwe" ti hman hi zapi nih Vowel aw in "y" hmanak hi Paletwa zong nih khin "nai ba ly " hi "Cu hnu ah" ti bantuk ah khin 'y' an hman ve na in a aw chuah hi "ba lau" ti he tu aa neih. Cun Mara nih khin "Y" cu an hman ve I, Paletwa an chuah mi aw he hin a neih ngai mi in an hman. Zophei aw cawi hi Mara, Lautu, Zotung he zong aa neih mi a um ngai I, Haka aw cawi holh he zong aa neih ngai. Haka aw cawi holh hi a phonetics ah Laimi kaa dang aw cawi asi mi Tedim, Duhlian(Mizo), Falam, Matupi , Paletwa, Kanpetlet aw he khah nak tam ngai a um. Paletwa holh an ttialnak phonetics spelling aw hman mi siseh, Mindat lei holh aw an ttialning spelling fonh ning siseh Falam/Haka/Tedim aw cawi kha Rev. Cope nih arak ttialning rak lak mi ngot an si. Cu caah Haka aw cawi phonetics he naih in Zophei aw cawi holh pawl hi ttial ah cun Chinmi kaa dang tamdeuh ngai pi nih Cu tik ah Laimi aw cawi holh dang tampi kha Zopheitlang mi zong nih rel khawh cawlh ding khi a si, Arel kan i-fawih hna ah cun a cawnzong ifawih ding khi a si. Holh hi atam lei thiam paoh a ttha. Holh tam Zophei aw cawi holh ttial tik ah cung lei ttial cia mi bantuk in, international phonetics he neih ngai in rak ttialmi Haka aw cawi ttial ning spelling in ttial a ttha. Zeicah tiah Haka aw cawi cu mitam deuh chimmi Laimi Hi khua holh pawl thlau lo a herh nak bik cu Laimi chanbia kanzawt nak ah tampi a bawmchan kho ngai. Tahchunnak ah: aa hlat tuk mi Laimi ti in ruah mi Asho Chin hna he "Salai" ti kan ikhah te hna; a hlat chinchin rua kan ti mi Angami Naga he hna Haka aw in " Ka pa" timi hna "A po " - "a paw" ti in kan I khah ning hna nih Chinmi miphun khat kan si nak hri a sih ning hna khi arak ttha tuk mi asi. Zapi hman mi Haka aw cawi --- Source: From: Lian Uk <lian1@verizon.net> ------------------------------ "Serve with gladness" |